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Drawing on Roma community voices and expert research, this book challenges conventional discourses on Romani identity, poverty and exclusion. Through the transformative vehicle of a 'Social Europe', it presents new strategies for framing social justice for Romani communities across Europe and provides innovative solutions to these dilemmas.

Romanies --- Social life and customs.

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"How was the re-emerging Jewish religious practice after 1945 shaped by traditions before the Shoah? To what extent was it influenced by new inspirations through migration and new cultural contacts? By analysing objects like prayer books, musical instruments, Torah scrolls, audio documents and prayer rooms, this volume shows how the post-war communities created new Jewish musical, architectural and artistic forms while abiding by the tradition. This peer-reviewed volume presents contributions to the conference "Jewish communities in Germany in Transition", held in July 2021, as well as the results of a related research project carried out by two university institutions and two museums: the Bet Tfila - Research Unit for Jewish Architecture (Technische Universität Braunschweig), the European Center for Jewish Music (Hanover University for Music, Drama and Media), the Braunschweigisches Landesmuseum, and the Jewish Museum Augsburg Swabia. For the first time, post war synagogues in Germany and their objects were researched on a broad and interdisciplinary basis - regarding history of architecture, art history of their furniture and ritual objects as well as liturgy and musicology. The project was funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) during the years 2018 to 2021 in its funding line "The Language of Objects"."--

Jews --- Social life and customs.

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As Festas do Espírito Santo nos Açores. Um Estudo de Antropologia Social procura interrogar um dos mais complexos e sedutores rituais que integram o calendário cerimonial em Portugal. Desenvolvendo-se a partir da observação intensiva dos Impérios numa freguesia da ilha de Santa Maria, o estudo percorre depois, numa perspectiva comparativa, outras ilhas açorianas. Com base no relevo que tem nas Festas do Espírito Santo um conjunto muito diversificado de dádivas e contra-dádivas de alimentos cerimoniais, o autor propõe uma interpretação do ritual assente na consideração simultânea da sua dimensão religiosa, da sua relação com os principais círculos de relacionamento social e do vínculo que ele exibe com as formas de conceptualização do tempo nas comunidades estudadas. Aspectos controversos como a procura de prestígio individual através das despesas requeridas pelos festejos ou as relações entre povo e clero em torno do ritual são também examinados. Pela natureza dos problemas discutidos, As Festas do Espírito Santo nos Açores constitui não apenas uma contribuição para uma Antropologia Social do arquipélago, mas uma oportunidade para o reexame de alguns dossiers mais genéricos relacionados com o estudo antropológico das comunidades rurais em domínio europeu.

Portugal --- Social life and customs.

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"The recent fascination in Finnish folklore studies with popular thought and the values and emotions encoded in oral tradition began with the realisation that the vast collections of the Finnish folklore archives still have much to offer the modern-day researcher. These archive materials were not only collected by scholars, but also by the ordinary rural populace interested in their own traditions, by performers and their audiences. With its myriad voices, this body of source material thus provides new avenues for the researcher seeking to penetrate popular thought. What does oral tradition tell us about the way its performers think and feel? What sorts of beliefs and ideas are transmitted in traditional songs and narratives? Perspectives from the study of mentalities and cultural cognition research provide a framework for investigating these issues. This collection of articles works from the premise that the cultural models which shape mentalities give rise to manifest expressions of culture, including folklore. These models also become embedded in the representations appearing in folklore, and are handed down from one generation to the next. The topics of the book cover age-old myths and world views, concepts of witchcraft and the Devil stretching back to the Middle Ages, and the values and collective emotions of Finnish and Hungarian agrarian communities."

Finland --- Social life and customs.

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In the second half of the XVth century, before the diplomatic balances that led to the birth of the regional states, the Italian rulers, in need of strategies to promote their public image, made their nuptials a powerful communication tool. Ceremonies, pageants and temporary architectures in honour of the newlyweds had the task of making explicit the alliances between the reigning houses of different principalities, visually expressing the power of the lords over their capitals. This book's aim is to understand how the festivities, orchestrated with court artists, became a means of celebratory propaganda and how the diffusion of their descriptions, in incunabula or manuscripts, heightened the fame of the events. The wedding feasts have been studied comparatively: comparing the variety of their theatrical performances, jousts and dances, as well as the ways of the production of the chronicles that handed down their memory, used here as sources for the history of the Renaissance spectacle.

Italy --- Social life and customs.